Tool (Computer)

Tool (Computer)

Ein Dienstprogramm (auch System- oder Hilfsprogramm, engl. Utility) ist ein Computerprogramm, das für den Benutzer beziehungsweise Systemverwalter eines Computers allgemeine, oft systemnahe Aufgaben ausführt. Üblicherweise gehört eine Reihe von Dienstprogrammen zum Lieferumfang eines Betriebssystems, wobei jedes Dienstprogramm meistens auf eine ganz bestimmte Aufgabe spezialisiert ist. Dienstprogramme sind Teil der Systemsoftware im Gegensatz zu Anwendungsprogrammen.

Zu den Funktionen, die Dienstprogramme ausführen, gehören zum Beispiel:

Dienstprogramme werden in systeminterne und -externe Programme unterteilt. Interne Programme oder Module des Betriebssystems werden beim Start des Rechners in den Arbeitsspeicher geladen, externe nur bei Bedarf.

Bei Unix-Systemen befinden sich solche Programme typischerweise in den Verzeichnissen /bin , /sbin , /usr/sbin oder /usr/bin .

Zum Begriff

Der Begriff Dienstprogramm ist umstritten. Manche Benutzer lehnen ihn rundweg ab als schwammige Worthülse oder allzu wörtliche Übersetzung vom englischen service program. Vorher völlig ungebräuchlich, war er ab Ende der 1990er Jahre anfangs hauptsächlich in Publikationen von Microsoft anzutreffen und wurde von vielen Medien übernommen. Mitte der 2000er Jahre verlor er an Popularität und ist mittlerweile wieder selten geworden.


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