Tarfon

Tarfon

Rabbi Tarfon (Variante: Tarphon; hebräisch: רבי טרפון; nicht identisch mit dem bei Justinus Martyr genannten Tryphon; bei Hieronymus zu Jes 8,11: Telphon!) war ein jüdischer Gelehrter des Altertums und gehörte zur so genannten 2. Generation der Tannaiten (ca. 90-130 n.Chr.).

Er war Gefährte Akibas, Pharisäer aus priesterlicher Familie, in Lydda beheimatet, Lehrer des Jehuda ben Ilai.

Rabbi Tarfon betonte die Wichtigkeit des objektiven Faktums vor der bloß subjektiven Intention und entschied stets zu Gunsten der priesterlichen Interessen.

Ihm zugeschrieben ist u. a. der schöne Ausspruch: „Nicht liegt es an dir, das Werk zu vollenden, aber du bist auch nicht frei, von ihm abzulassen“ (Abot 2, 21).

Literatur (Auswahl)

  • M. Freimann: Die Wortführer des Judentums in den ältesten Kontroversen zwischen Juden und Christen. In: Monatsschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums. Band 55, 1911
  • L. W. Barnard: Justin Martyr, His Life and Thought. London 1967, S. 24 f.
  • J. D. Gereboff: Rabbi Tarfon: The Tradition, the Man and Early Rabbinic Judaism. Missoula 1979
  • Lawrence H. Schiffman: Texts and Traditions: A Source Reader for the Study of Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism. Ktav, Hoboken, N.J., 1998

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