Ornamental Farm

Ornamental Farm

Die Ornamental Farm oder auch ornamented farm, seltener rural farm, (alle Formen sowohl in Groß- als auch Kleinschreibung möglich, eng. schöner Bauernhof, auch frz. ferme ornée) ist ein Begriff aus der Gartenbaukunst. Er bezeichnet die Strömung, die landwirtschaftlich genutzten Bereiche eines Anwesens ästhetisch mit den nur dekorativ genutzten Gartenbereichen zu einer Einheit zu verbinden. Die theoretischen Grundlagen beschrieb erstmals der englische Landschaftsarchitekt Stephen Switzer in einem seiner Werke um 1715.

Die Idee, die verlangte, die vorhandenen landwirtschaftlichen Bereiche als Teil des gesamten Gartens zu behandeln, verband sich mit Rousseaus Vorstellung eines Lebens näher an der Natur zu einer pastoralen Idylle, in der das Leben auf dem Land romantisch verklärt betrachtet wurde. Aus der wirtschaftlich genutzten ornamental farm entwickelte sich zur Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts so das Hameau, das Dörfchen, als künstlicher Organismus innerhalb eines Gartenbereichs, in dem bewusst schlicht gestaltete Bauernhäuser, Molkereien, Mühlen, Nutzgärten und Vieh oft nur noch als romantische Staffage dienten und die Rolle eines Folly einnahmen.

Beispiele

Literatur

  • Rolf Tomann (Hrsg.): Gartenkunst in Europa - Von der Antike zur Gegenwart, Könemann, 2000, ISBN 3829064950

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