ABCG1

ABCG1
ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1

—
Masse/Länge Primärstruktur 678 Aminosäuren
Sekundär- bis Quartärstruktur Heterodimer
Isoformen 8
Bezeichner
Gen-Name ABCG1
Externe IDs OMIM: 603076 UniProt: P45844
Transporter-Klassifikation
TCDB 3.A.1.204.1
Bezeichnung ABCG-Unterfamilie
Vorkommen
Übergeordnetes Taxon Säugetiere[1]

ABCG1 ist eins von zwei Proteinen in der Zellmembran von Säugetieren, das Cholesterin unter Verbrauch von ATP aus der Zelle pumpt, wo es auf der Membran schwimmt und von HDL-Partikeln aufgenommen wird (reverser Cholesterintransport). In Mäuse-Endothelzellen ohne ABCG1 sammeln sich Oxidationsprodukte des Cholesterins. Auch in Macrophagen und Monozyten spielt ABCG1 die Hauptrolle beim Cholesterintransport. In anderen Zellen wird dies von ABCA1 übernommen.[2][3]

In Diabetes mellitus Typ 2-Patienten ist die Expression von ABCG1 in Monozyten erniedrigt, was zur Atherosklerose beiträgt, ähnlich wie Aktivität des Enzyms 12/15-Lipoxygenase. Überexpression allerdings führt über Translokation von Phosphatidylserin und Caspase 3-Aktivierung zur Apoptose.[4][5][6][7]

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Homologe bei OMA
  2. ↑ UniProt P45844
  3. ↑ Terasaka N, Yu S, Yvan-Charvet L, et al.: ABCG1 and HDL protect against endothelial dysfunction in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet. In: J. Clin. Invest.. 118, Nr. 11, November 2008, S. 3701–13. doi:10.1172/JCI35470. PMID 18924609. Volltext bei PMC: 2567835.
  4. ↑ Zhou H, Tan KC, Shiu SW, Wong Y: Determinants of leukocyte adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter G1 gene expression in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In: Metab. Clin. Exp.. 57, Nr. 8, August 2008, S. 1135–40. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2008.03.020. PMID 18640393.
  5. ↑ Mauldin JP, Nagelin MH, Wojcik AJ, et al.: Reduced expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 increases cholesterol accumulation in macrophages of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In: Circulation. 117, Nr. 21, Mai 2008, S. 2785–92. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.741314. PMID 18490524.
  6. ↑ Nagelin MH, Srinivasan S, Lee J, Nadler JL, Hedrick CC: 12/15-Lipoxygenase activity increases the degradation of macrophage ATP-binding cassette transporter G1. In: Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.. 28, Nr. 10, Oktober 2008, S. 1811–9. doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.167908. PMID 18635820.
  7. ↑ Seres L, Cserepes J, Elkind NB, et al.: Functional ABCG1 expression induces apoptosis in macrophages and other cell types. In: Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1778, Nr. 10, Oktober 2008, S. 2378–87. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.06.010. PMID 18619413.

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