Multilateral Environmental Agreement

Multilateral Environmental Agreement

Ein multilaterales Umweltabkommen (engl. Multilateral Environmental Agreement, MEA) ist ein Übereinkommen zwischen drei oder mehr Staaten im Bereich der Umwelt. MEAs werden meist im Umfeld der Vereinten Nationen ausgehandelt. Sie sind völkerrechtlich verbindlich und sollen auf internationaler Ebene einen verbesserten Umweltschutz durchsetzen helfen, der auf nationaler Ebene allein nicht möglich wäre.

Derzeit existieren über 200 MEAs, die bekanntesten von ihnen sind das Kyoto-Protokoll und die Klimarahmenkonvention (UNFCCC), die Biodiversitätskonvention (UNCBD), das Montreal-Protokoll zum Schutz der Ozonschicht oder das Übereinkommen der Vereinten Nationen zur Bekämpfung der Wüstenbildung (UNCCD).

Wichtige MEAs

MEAs und internationales Handelsrecht

Die Ausbreitung der Kompetenz der Welthandelsorganisation (WTO) auf nicht-tarifliche Bereiche, sowie eine zunehmende Anzahl von MEAs, die Handelsmaßnahmen beinhalten, deuten auf ein steigendes Konfliktpotenzial zwischen beiden Völkerrechtsregimen hin.

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